Government Bonds Rally on RBI's ₹2.90 Trillion Liquidity Boost
Indian government bonds experienced their strongest rally in seven months following RBI's announcement of ₹2.90 trillion liquidity injection. The 10-year yield closed at 6.54% with over 9 basis points drop, marking the biggest single-session decline since May. The comprehensive intervention includes ₹2 trillion bond purchases through open market operations and $10 billion dollar-rupee swap to address supply concerns and maintain optimal banking system liquidity through the financial year-end.

*this image is generated using AI for illustrative purposes only.
Indian government bonds experienced their biggest rally in seven months following the Reserve Bank of India's announcement of a substantial liquidity injection worth ₹2.90 trillion ($32.34 billion). The comprehensive intervention has sparked what traders are calling a "Santa Claus rally," with sustained bond price increases expected through the end of the financial year as the central bank's measures address supply concerns and optimize banking system liquidity.
Bond Yield Movement and Market Response
The benchmark 10-year government bond yield demonstrated exceptional movement, closing at 6.54% with a drop of over 9 basis points in the biggest single-session decline in seven months. The yield had climbed to 6.70% on Tuesday to multi-month highs on heavy state debt supply and seasonal tax outflows, but is now expected to soften as RBI purchases absorb supply.
| Parameter: | Current Level | Previous Level | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Yield: | 6.54% | 6.70% (Tuesday high) | -16 bps |
| Single-Session Drop: | Over 9 bps | Biggest in 7 months | Record decline |
| Expected Range: | 6.40-6.50% | By end-February | Surplus liquidity |
Bond yields and prices move in opposite directions, indicating substantial buying interest in government securities following the RBI's comprehensive liquidity plan.
RBI's Strategic Liquidity Injection Plan
The Reserve Bank of India outlined a detailed liquidity injection strategy designed to absorb government bond supply and ensure optimal banking system liquidity conditions through aggressive open market operations and forex interventions.
| Component: | Amount | Timeline | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bond Purchases (OMOs): | ₹2.00 trillion | 4 phases from Dec 29 | Supply absorption |
| Dollar-Rupee Swap: | $10.00 billion | 3-year, Jan 13 | Liquidity injection |
| December OMOs: | ₹1.00 trillion | Completed | Market support |
| December Forex Swaps: | ₹45,000 crore | Completed | Liquidity infusion |
| Total Intervention: | ₹2.90 trillion | Ongoing | Market stability |
According to Venkatakrishnan Srinivas, founder of Rockfort Fincap, the 10-year yield is likely to be in the range of 6.40-6.50% by end-February, assuming RBI maintains surplus liquidity at 1% of net demand and time liabilities.
Market Liquidity Conditions and Corporate Impact
Liquidity conditions tightened over the past two weeks due to RBI's likely intervention in the forex market to strengthen the rupee and advance tax outflows since mid-December. The money market has remained in deficit since mid-December, prompting the central bank's aggressive response.
| Market Impact: | Details | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Rupee Strength: | From 91 to 89 vs dollar | Liquidity tightening |
| Corporate Bonds: | Power Finance Corp scrapped ₹6,000 cr sale | Higher coupon expectations |
| New Issuance: | Nabard plans ₹7,000 cr raise | 3 years 2 months maturity |
| Forward Premia: | Expected to lower | Improved market conditions |
The sharp rise in yields had forced Power Finance Corp to scrap a ₹6,000 crore bond sale on Tuesday after bids came in at higher-than-expected coupons, highlighting the market stress that prompted RBI's intervention.
Policy Transmission and Market Outlook
Nomura noted in a report that "OMO auctions will contain longer-tenor yields and reduce steepening pressure on the curve." The dollar swap is expected to inject rupee liquidity and lower forex forward premia, which had surged amid tight cash conditions and persistent RBI intervention.
| Economic Benefit: | Mechanism | Expected Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Yield Curve: | Reduced steepening pressure | Stable long-term rates |
| Forex Forward: | Lower premia | Improved market conditions |
| Liquidity Target: | 1% of deposits | Optimal banking conditions |
| Supply Absorption: | ₹2 trillion purchases | Contained yield pressure |
While the RBI measures provide immediate relief, traders remain cautious given looming state development loan supply and fiscal uncertainty ahead of the budget. "The ₹2 lakh crore of buying is notable and will likely cap yields for now, but concerns around supply and fiscal outlook persist," Nomura said, indicating continued market vigilance despite the comprehensive intervention.
Historical Stock Returns for Bank of India
| 1 Day | 5 Days | 1 Month | 6 Months | 1 Year | 5 Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +1.14% | -1.55% | +4.56% | +28.81% | +63.32% | +173.77% |
















































